2004. Comparative analysis of the wheat and rice genomes based on DNA sequence

2004. Comparative analysis of the wheat and rice genomes based on DNA sequence

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INTRODUCTION

Comparative Genetics is a broad discipline that has as it’s first objective the estimation of genetic similarity between two or more species to establish evolutionary relationships. Comparisons may be at the phenotypic and morphologic level of the whole organism or at deeper levels of complexity such as biochemical traits in the cell or the DNA sequence in the nucleus. A second objective utilizes the recognized levels of similarity between two or more organisms for the transfer and complementation of knowledge from one organism to another. This can accelerate the discovery process when one of them is a model species or has been studied more thoroughly, all of this within a framework of genes in common. The typical example is the use of the mouse as a model for mammalian genetics and the transferability of knowledge acquired from this system to the study of human genetics and medicine  .